218 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONT’D) For the financial year ended 31 January 2023 YINSON HOLDINGS BERHAD | INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2023 2. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued) 2.25 Share capital (continued) (iv) Purchase of own shares Where the Company purchases the Company’s equity instruments as a result of a share buy-back or a share-based payment plan, the consideration paid, including any directly attributable incremental costs, net of tax, is deducted from equity attributable to the owners of the Company as treasury shares until the shares are cancelled, reissued or disposed of. Where such ordinary shares are subsequently sold or reissued, any consideration received, net of any directly attributable incremental transaction costs and the related tax effects, is included in equity attributable to the owners of the Company. 2.26 Perpetual securities Perpetual securities are classified as equity when there is no contractual obligation to deliver cash or other financial assets to another person or entity or to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another person or entity that are potentially unfavourable to the issuer. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new perpetual securities are shown in equity as a reduction, net of tax, from the proceeds. The proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction costs are credited to perpetual securities in equity. 2.27 Trade and other receivables Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for services performed in the ordinary course of business. Other receivables generally arise from transactions outside the usual operating activities of the Group. If collection is expected in one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business if longer), they are classified as current assets. If not, they are presented as non-current assets. Trade and other receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less allowance for impairment losses (if any). Details on the Group’s and the Company’s impairment policies of trade and other receivables are provided in Note 2.17(ii). 2.28 Trade and other payables Trade and other payables represent liabilities for services provided to the Group prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are classified as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 2.29 Earnings per share The Group presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS are calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period and excluding treasury shares. Diluted EPS are determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity shareholders of the Company and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding adjusted for own shares held and for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares, which comprise share awards granted to employees and free detachable warrants.
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