2019 UEM Edgenta Annual Report

166 167 UEM EDGENTA AT A GLANCE MESSAGE FROM OUR LEADERSHIP STRATEGIC FOCUS OPERATIONAL REVIEW SUSTAINABILITY EFFORTS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INTRODUCTION FINANCIAL REVIEW ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Notes to the Financial Statements For the year ended 31 December 2019 Notes to the Financial Statements For the year ended 31 December 2019 UEM Edgenta Berhad Annual Report 2019 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D.) 2.4 Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d.) (k) Financial assets Financial assets are recognised in the statements of financial position when, and only when, the Group and the Company become a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument. Initial recognition and measurement Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (“OCI”), and fair value through profit or loss. The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset’s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Group’s business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Group has applied the practical expedient, the Group initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at the transaction price determined under MFRS 15. In order for a financial asset to be classified and measured at amortised cost or fair value through OCI, it needs to give rise to cash flows that are ‘solely payments of principal and interest’ (“SPPI”) on the principal amount outstanding. This assessment is referred to as the SPPI test and is performed at an instrument level. The Group’s business model for managing financial assets refers to how it manages its financial assets in order to generate cash flows. The business model determines whether cash flows will result from collecting contractual cash flows, selling the financial assets, or both. Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e. the date that the Group commits to purchase or sell the asset. Subsequent measurement (i) Financial assets at amortised cost (debt instruments) This category is the most relevant to the Group. The Group measures financial assets at amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met: - The financial asset is held within a business model with the objective to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and - The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Financial assets at amortised cost are subsequently measured using the effective interest (“EIR”) method and are subject to impairment. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised, modified or impaired. The Group’s financial assets at amortised cost includes trade receivables, cash, bank balances and deposits, amounts due from related parties and sundry receivables. 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D.) 2.4 Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d.) (k) Financial assets (cont’d.) Subsequent measurement (cont’d.) (ii) Financial assets at fair value through OCI (debt instruments) The Group measures debt instruments at fair value through OCI if both of the following conditions are met: - The financial asset is held within a business model with the objective of both holding to collect contractual cash flows and selling; and - The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. For debt instruments at fair value through OCI, interest income, foreign exchange revaluation and impairment losses or reversals are recognised in the statement of profit or loss and computed in the same manner as for financial assets measured at amortised cost. The remaining fair value changes are recognised in OCI. Upon derecognition, the cumulative fair value change recognised in OCI is recycled to profit or loss. The Group does not have any debt instruments at fair value through OCI. (iii) Financial assets designated at fair value through OCI (equity instruments) Upon initial recognition, the Group can elect to classify irrevocably its equity investments as equity instruments designated at fair value through OCI when they meet the definition of equity under MFRS 132 Financial Instruments: Presentation and are not held for trading. The classification is determined on an instrument-by- instrument basis. Gains and losses on these financial assets are never recycled to profit or loss. Dividends are recognised as other income in the statement of profit or loss when the right of payment has been established, except when the Group benefits from such proceeds as a recovery of part of the cost of the financial asset, in which case, such gains are recorded in OCI. Equity instruments designated at fair value through OCI are not subject to impairment assessment. The Group has not elected to classify irrevocably any of its financial assets under this category. (iv) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include financial assets held for trading, financial assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss, or financial assets mandatorily required to be measured at fair value. Financial assets are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term. Derivatives, including separated embedded derivatives, are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. Financial assets with cash flows that are not solely payments of principal and interest are classified and measured at fair value through profit or loss, irrespective of the business model. Notwithstanding the criteria for debt instruments to be classified at amortised cost or at fair value through OCI, as described above, debt instruments may be designated at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition if doing so eliminates, or significantly reduces, an accounting mismatch. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are carried in the statement of financial position at fair value with net changes in fair value recognised in the statement of profit or loss.