2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) 2.16 Share Capital Ordinary shares are classified as equity in the statement of financial position. Cost directly attributable to the issuance of new equity shares are taken to equity as a deduction from the proceeds. Dividend distribution Liability is recognised for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the Group, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period. Distributions to holders of an equity instrument is recognised directly in equity. 2.17 Recognition of income Financing income Financing income is recognised in the profit or loss using the effective profit rate method. The effective profit rate is the rate that discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instruments or, when appropriate, a shorter period to the net carrying amount of the financial instruments. When calculating the effective profit rate, the Group and the Bank have considered all contractual terms of the financial instruments but do not consider future credit losses. The calculation includes all fees and transaction costs integral to the effective profit rate, as well as premium or discounts. Income from a sale-based contract is recognised on effective profit rate basis over the period of the contract based on the principal amounts outstanding whereas income from Ijarah (lease-based contract) is recognised on effective profit rate basis over the lease term. For credit-impaired financial assets the effective profit rate is applied to the net carrying amount of the financial assets (after deduction of the loss allowance). Fee and other income recognition Financing arrangement, management and participation fees, underwriting commissions, brokerage fees and wakalah performance incentive fees are recognised as income based on contractual arrangements. Fees from advisory and corporate finance activities are recognised net of service tax, discounts on satisfaction of performance obligations and completion of each stage of the assignment. Dividend income from subsidiaries and other investments are recognised when the Group’s and the Bank’s rights to receive payment is established. 2.18 Material profit or loss items The Group and the Bank have identified item which is material due to the significance of their nature and/or their amount. This is listed separately here to provide a better understanding of the financial performance of the Group and of the Bank. Group and Bank 2021 RM’000 2020 RM’000 Loss on modification of financial assets (48,911) (136,380) INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 202 1 Key Messages Overview Value Creation MD&A Sustainability Leadership Accountability Financial Additional Information 261
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