Tropicana Corporation Berhad Annual Report 2020

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT'D.) 2.30 Contingencies A contingent liability or asset is a possible obligation or asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of uncertain future event(s) not wholly within the control of the Group. Contingent liabilities and assets are not recognised in the statements of financial position of the Group. 2.31 Fair value measurement The Group and the Company measure financial instruments such as derivatives and non-financial assets such as investment properties, at fair value at each reporting date. The fair values of financial instruments measured at amortised cost are disclosed in Note 39. The fair value of an asset or a liability, is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either in the principal market or in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market. The Group and the Company measure the fair value of an asset or a liability by taking into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take these characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability. The Group and the Company have considered the following characteristics when determining fair value: (a) The condition and location of the assets; and (b) Restrictions, if any, on the sale or use of the assets. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest. The fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The fair value of a nancial or non- nancial liability or an entity's own equity instrument assumes that: (a) A liability would remain outstanding and the market participant transferee would be required to ful l the obligation. The liability would not be settled with the counterparty or otherwise extinguished on the measurement date; and (b) An entity's own equity instrument would remain outstanding and the market participant transferee would take on the rights and responsibilities associated with the instrument. The instrument would not be cancelled or otherwise extinguished on the measurement date. All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole: (a) Level 1 Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (b) Level 2 Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable (c) Level 3 Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT'D.) 2.31 Fair value measurement (cont'd.) The Group and the Company use valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data is available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs. 2.32 Earnings per share The Group presents basic and diluted earnings per share (" EPS ") data for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS for the financial year is calculated by dividing profit or loss attributable to owners of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial year. Diluted EPS for the financial year is calculated by adjusting profit or loss attributable to owners of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares and ICPS outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares. 2.33 Current and non-current classification The Group and the Company present their assets and liabilities in the statements of financial position based on current/non-current classification. An asset is current when: - It is expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed within the normal operating cycle; - It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; - It is expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period; or - Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current. A liability is current when: - It is expected to be settled within the normal operating cycle; - It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; - It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or - There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities. All other liabilities are classified as non-current. 3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS The preparation of the Group's and of the Company's financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the reporting date. However, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that could require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected in the next financial year. NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the financial year ended 31 December 2020 ANNUAL REPORT 2020 TROPICANA CORPORATION BERHAD FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION 198 199