Kimlun Corporation Berhad Annual Report 2018

2. Summary of significant accounting policies (cont'd) 2.6 Investment in joint venture A joint venture is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the joint arrangement. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require the unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. On acquisition of an investment in associate or joint venture, any excess of the cost of investment over the Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the investee is recognised as goodwill and included in the carrying amount of the investment. Any excess of the Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the investee over the cost of investment is excluded from the carrying amount of the investment and is instead included as income in the determination of the Group’s share of the joint venture’s profit or loss for the period in which the investment is acquired. A joint venture is equity accounted for from the date on which the investee becomes a joint venture. Under the equity method, on initial recognition, the investment in a joint venture is recognised at cost, and the carrying amount is increased or decreased to recognise the Group's share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the joint venture after the date of acquisition. When the Group’s share of losses in a joint venture equal or exceeds its interest in the joint venture, the Group does not recognise further losses, unless it has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the joint venture. Profits and losses resulting from upstream and downstream transactions between the Group and its joint venture are recognised in the Group’s financial statements only to the extent of unrelated investors’ interests in the joint venture. Unrealised losses are eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. All joint ventures have financial year end of 31 December, other than Zecon Kimlun Consortium Sdn. Bhd. which has financial year end of 30 June. For the purpose of applying the equity method on this joint venture, the last available audited financial statements and the management financial statements to 31 December of this joint venture have been used. Where necessary, adjustments are made to bring the accounting policies in line with those of the Group. After application of the equity method, the Group applies MFRS 9 Financial Instruments to determine whether it is necessary to recognise any additional impairment loss with respect to its net investment in the joint venture. When necessary, the entire carrying amount of the investment is tested for impairment in accordance with MFRS 136 Impairment of Assets as a single asset, by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell) with its carrying amount. Any impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. Reversal of an impairmen loss is recognised to the extent that the recoverable amount of the investment subsequently increases. 2.7 Foreign currency (a) Functional and presentation currency The individual financial statements of each entity in the Group are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates ("the functional currency"). The consolidated financial statements are presented in Ringgit Malaysia (RM), which is also the Company's functional currency. (b) Foreign currency transactions Transactions in foreign currencies are measured in the respective functional currencies of the Company and its subsidiaries and are recorded on initial recognition in the functional currencies at exchange rates approximating those ruling at the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at the reporting date. Non-monetary items denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items denominated in foreign currencies measured at fair value are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on translating monetary items at the reporting date are recognised in profit or loss except for exchange differences arising on monetary items that form part of the Group's net investment in foreign operation, which are recognised initially in other comprehensive income and accumulated under foreign currency translation reserve in equity. The foreign currency translation reserve is reclassified from equity to profit or loss of the Group on disposal of the foreign operation. Kimlun Corporation Berhad 77 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the financial year ended 31 December 2018 (cont’d)