EXCEL FORCE MSC BERHAD Annual Report 2019

EXCEL FORCE MSC BERHAD - ANNUAL REPORT 2019 74 notes to the financial statements 31 december 2019 (cont’d) 3. Significant Accounting Policies (Cont’d) (k) Impairment of assets (Cont’d) (ii) Financial assets (Cont’d) ECLs are recognised in two stages. For credit exposures for which there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, ECLs are provided for credit losses that result from default events that are possible within the next 12-months (“a 12-month ECL”). For those credit exposures for which there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, a loss allowance is required for credit losses expected over the remaining life of the exposure, irrespective of the timing of the default (“a lifetime ECL”). For trade receivables, other receivables and inter-company balances, the Group and the Company apply a simplified approach in calculating ECLs. Therefore, the Group and the Company do not track changes in credit risk, but instead recognises a loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date. The Group and the Company have established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience and the economic environment. (l) Share capital (i) Ordinary shares An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group and of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities. Ordinary shares are equity instruments. Ordinary shares are recorded at the proceeds received, net of directly attributable incremental transaction costs. Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Dividend distribution to the Company’s shareholders is recognised as a liability in the period they are approved by the Board of Directors except for the final dividend which is subject to approval by the Company’s shareholders. (ii) Treasury shares When issued share of the Company are repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, including directly attributable costs, net of any tax effects, is recognised as a deduction from equity as treasury shares until the shares are cancelled, reissued or disposed of. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the sale, re-issuance or cancellation of the treasury shares. When treasury shares are distributed as share dividends, the cost of the treasury shares is deducted against the retained earnings of the Company. When treasury shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the difference between the sales consideration, net of directly attributable costs and the carrying amount of the treasury shares is recognised in equity. (m) Provision Provisions are recognised when there is a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and the amount of the obligation can be estimated reliably. Provisions are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. If it is no longer probable that an outflow of economic resources will be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.