Excel Force MSC Berhad Annual Report 2016

EXCEL FORCE MSC BERHAD ANNUAL REPORT 2016 64 Notes to the Financial Statements 31 December 2016 (cont’d) 4. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 4.10 Financial instruments (cont’d) (c) Equity (cont’d) The Group measures a liability to distribute non-cash assets as a dividend to the owners of the Company at the fair value of the assets to be distributed. The carrying amount of the dividend is remeasured at the end of each reporting period and at the settlement date, with any changes recognised directly in equity as adjustments to the amount of the distribution. On settlement of the transaction, the Group recognises the difference, if any, between the carrying amount of the assets distributed and the carrying amount of the liability in profit or loss. When the Group repurchases its own shares, the shares repurchased would be accounted for using the treasury stock method. Where the treasury stock method is applied, the shares repurchased and held as treasury shares shall be measured and carried at the cost of repurchase on initial recognition and subsequently. It shall not be revalued for subsequent changes in the fair value or market price of the shares. The carrying amount of the treasury shares shall be offset against equity in the statement of financial position. To the extent that the carrying amount of the treasury shares exceeds the share premium account, it shall be considered as a reduction of any other reserves as may be permitted by the Companies Act, 1965 in Malaysia. No gain or loss is required in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the own equity instruments of the Company. If such shares are issued by resale, any difference between the sales consideration and the carrying amount is shown as a movement in equity. 4.11 Impairment of financial assets The Group assesses whether there is any objective evidence that a financial asset is impaired at the end of each reporting period. (a) Held-to-maturity and loans and receivables The Group collectively considers factors such as the probability of bankruptcy or significant financial difficulties of the receivable, and default or significant delay in payments to determine whether there is objective evidence that an impairment loss on loans and receivables has occurred. Other objective evidence of impairment include historical collection rates determined on an individual basis and observable changes in national or local economic conditions that are directly correlated with the historical default rates of receivables. If any such objective evidence exists, the amount of impairment loss is measured as the difference between the financial asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. The carrying amount of held-to-maturity investments is directly reduced by the impairment loss whilst the carrying amount of loans and receivables are reduced through the use of an allowance account. If in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and it objectively relates to an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed to the extent that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its amortised cost at the reversal date. The amount of impairment reversed is recognised in profit or loss. (b) Available-for-sale financial assets The Group collectively considers factor such as significant or prolonged decline in fair value below cost, significant financial difficulties of the issuer or obligor, and the disappearance of an active trading market as objective evidence that available-for-sale financial assets are impaired. If any such objective evidence exists, an amount comprising the difference between the financial asset’s cost (net of any principal payment and amortisation) and current fair value, less any impairment loss previously recognised in profits or loss, is transferred from equity to profit or loss.